| Anotation | According to the Czech Oncological Society of the Czech Medical Association of J. E. Purkyně, approximately 6,500 new cases of
malignant lung tumors are diagnosed in the Czech Republic every year. It is the third most common malignant tumor disease, and
its incidence is constantly increasing over time. Between 10 and 17% of patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer undergo primary
radical surgery. In addition to the basic oncological diagnosis, patients indicated for lung surgery for tumors also have compromised
lung function due to many other pre-existing factors, the most common of which are smoking, chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, malnutrition, and sarcopenia. During surgery, a number of pathophysiological
changes occur in the lungs, resulting in further deterioration of lung function. After lung surgery, patients experience varying lengths
of time of pharmacological sedation, the effects of muscle relaxation, post-intubation slowed mucociliary transport, and pain.
All of these factors are ultimately responsible for impaired mucus expectoration and its retention in the airways, the formation of
mucus plugs, which directly contributes to the occurrence of early postoperative pulmonary complications ? pneumonia, atelectasis,
respiratory failure, etc. The literature reports the incidence of these complications in 6-10% of recorded surgical procedures. At
University hospital in Ostrava, the incidence of these complications is at the upper end of the global range, between 10% and
11%. In general, the most effective way to reduce complications is to prevent them. Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy is a modern,
effective, and accessible method of preventing the retention of pathological secretions in the airways. This intervention can also be
performed in patients with malignant lung tumors after radical surgery, regardless of age, gender, and comorbidities. |
